ARTI PENTING UU No. 1/PNPS/1965 BAGI KEBEBASAN BERAGAMA

Abstract

ABSTRAK
Pemberlakuan UU No. 1/PNPS/1965 pada dasarnya memiliki dampak yang signifikan bagi kehidupan beragama di Indonesia. Ketentuan hukum tersebut secara eksplisit mengatur tindakan penyimpangan, penodaan agama, juga melarang penyebaran ajaran ateisme. Dalam perkembangannya UU No. 1/PNPS/1965 ini dinilai tidak sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 baik dari segi juridis formil maupun materiil. Permohonan pengujian undang-undang pun diajukan untuk memperjelas konstitusionalitas UU No. 1/PNPS/1965 yang justru dinilai menghambat toleransi kehidupan beragama. Isu hukum yang menarik adalah tentang hubungan negara dan agama di dalam konteks Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 terutama Pasal 28E ayat (1) dan (2), Pasal 28I ayat (1) dan Pasal 29  ayat (2). Di sisi lain, UU No. 1/PNPS/1965 juga memberikan tiga bentuk kejahatan yang sangat berpengaruh bagi hukum pidana.

Kata kunci: kebebasan beragama, hak asasi manusia.


ABSTRACT
The application of Law Number 1/PNPS/1965 essentially has significant effects on the religious life for Indonesian people. The legislation has explicitly determined the prohibition on religious deviance, blasphemy, as well as atheism. Furthermore, the law has been considered not in line with the 1945 Constitution both in formal and material aspects. The review was initially aimed to clarify the constitutional interpretation of Law No. 1/PNPS/1963 as it hampered the interfaith tolerance. The main issue arising from this topic is the correlation between religion and state in the context of Pancasila (the five basic principles) and the 1945 Constitution, especially on Article 28E paragraph (1) and (2), Article 28I paragraph (1), and Article 29 paragraph (2). In addition, Law Number 1/PNPS/1965 has also created three kinds of crime as predisposing factors for criminal law.

Keywords: freedom of religion, human rights.